Biography of Imam e Azam Abu Hanifa

Alqaab :

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Imaam e aazam, Siraaj-ul-Ummah

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Aapki wilaadat 80 Hijri (5 September 699 A.D.) me Kufa (Iraq) me hui.

Aap ke waalid ka naam Saabit bin Zuta hai.

Aap ke daada Fars (Iran) se Arab aa gaye the

Biography of Imam e Azam Abu Hanifa

Ek baar aap apni waalida ko kuchh paighaam pahunchane ke liye jaa rahe the.

Tab aap Kufa ke mashhoor aalim Hazrat Sha’bi rahmatullahi alaihi ke ghar ke paas se guzre. Hazrat Sha’bi ne aap ko apna shagird samajhkar kaha ‘Apni class me jaakar padho.’ To aap ne kaha ‘Main to madrase me padhta nahi hu.’

Tab Hazrat Sha’bi ne farmaaya ki ‘Mujhe tum behad zaheen lagte ho. Tumhe kisi aalim ya buzurg ki sohbat me rehna chaahiye.

Hazrat Sha’bi ki baat maankar aap Hazrat Hammad ibn Abi Sulaimaan rahmatullāhi alaihi ki sohbat me rehkar Ilme deen sikhne lage.

Aap ne Hazrat Imaam Sha’bi Kufi aur Hazrat Imaam Hammaad se ahadees ka aur Hazrate Hammaad se Fiqh ka ilm haasil kiya.

In ke ilaawa aap ne Hazrat Aamir Ibn Shurahbeel,
Alqama ibn Marthad,
Ziyaad ibn Ilaqa,
Adi ibn Saabit,
Qataada Basri,
Muhammed ibn Munkadir Madni, Simaak ibn Harb,
Qais ibn Muslim Kufi aur Mansoor ibn Umar se bhi taaleem haasil ki.

Phir 102 Hijri me aap Madeena shareef  gaye aur Imaam Jafar al-Saadiq rahmatullahi alaihi se ilme deen haasil karna shuru kiya.

Aap mash'hoor tabi'een me se hain.

Aap ne Sahaabi e Rasool Hazrat Anas ibne Maalik radi-Allāhu ta’ala anhu (Basra) aur dusre bahot saare ashaba bhi Ahadees sikhi.

Jin me Abdullāh ibn Abi Aufa (Kufa), Suhail  Sa’ad (Madeena) Abu Tufail Aamir ibn Waasila (Makka) radiy-Allāhu ta’ala anhuma saamil hain.

Biography of Imam e Azam Abu Hanifa

Aap ki umr 9 saal thi tab ek yahudi ne majme me musalmano se 3 sawaal puchhe :

(1) ALLĀH agar hai to ALLĀH se pehle kaun tha?
(2) ALLĀH ka chehra kis taraf hai?
(3) ALLĀH ka waqt kya kar raha hai?

Majme me maujood bahot saare ulema yahudi ke sawaalo ke jawaab ke baare me sochte rahe. Tab aap khade hokar aage aaye aur yahudi se kaha ‘Main tumhare sawal ke jawaab deta hu.’

Aap ne us se kaha ‘Ginti gino.’ Yahudi bola ‘1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ….., 10.’
Aap ne use rokkar kaha ‘Ab ulta gino.’ Wo bola ‘10, 9, 8,7, 6, ….., 2, 1.’
Aap ne kaha ‘Ye batao 1 se pehle kya aata hai?’ Wo bola ‘Kuchh bhi nahi.’

Aap ne farmaaya ‘Isi tarah ALLĀH se pehle koi bhi nahi.’

Phir aap ne ek chiraag liya aur us se puchha ‘Is chiraag ki roshni ka munh kis taraf hai?’ Us ne kaha ‘Chaaro taraf  hai.’
Aap ne farmaaya ‘Isi tarah ALLĀH ka noor har taraf hai.’

Phir aap ne farmaaya ‘Tum jaanna chaahte ho ki ALLĀH is waqt kya kar raha hai to uska jawaab ye hai ki ALLĀH ek 9 saal ke bache se ek yahudi ko zaleel karwa raha hai.’

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Aap ki Ibaadat, Taqwa, Husn e akhlaaq, Sakhaawat aur Imaandaari mash'hoor hai.

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Aap ke waalid Kabul (Afghanistan) me kapdo ka kaarobar karte the.
Aap apne waalid ke saath us kaarobar me the.

Ek baar aap ke kaarinde (agent) ne kisi mulk me kisi ko reshmi kapda becha lekin kapde me kuch nuqs tha wo khariddaaro ko bataana bhul gaya.

Jab aap ko pata chala to aap bahot afsos karne lage kyun ki ye mumkin na tha ke aap us mulk me jaakar un khariddaaro ko un ki raqam waapas lauta sake. 

Aap ne foran wo sab maal ghareebo ko khairaat kar dene ka hukm kiya.

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Ek baar aap ne dekha ki ek shakhs ne aap ko dekhkar apna raasta badal diya.

Jab use puchhne par pata chala ki us ne aap se 10000 dirham ka qarz liya tha aur abhi us ke haalat aise the ki wo use ada nahi kar sakta tha. 

Aap ne foran us ka qarz ma’af kar diya taake agli baar use aap ke saamne aane par sharminda na hona pade.

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Aap ke saahabzaade Hazrate Hammaad ne ustaad se Surah al-Faatiha padhi to aap ne un ke 

ustaad ko 1000 dirham nazraana pesh kiya. Wo kehne lage ‘Huzoor! Maine kaun sa itna bada kaarnama sar anjaam diya hai ke

Aap itni zyada raqam ka nazraana de rahe hain? 

Aap ne farmaaya ‘Aap ne mere bete ko jo daulat inaayat ki hai us ke saamne to ye nazraana bahot haqeer hai.

Bakhuda agar mere paas is se zyada hota to wo bhi pesh kar deta.’

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Ek baar aap mehfil me baithe the aur pata chale ki koi shakhs chhat se gir gaya hai.

Aap foran waha se nikalkar us jakhmi aadami ke paas gaye aur uski khidmat ki. Aur phir jab tak wo theek ho gaya 

tab tak roz us ki iyaadat aur khidmat ke liye tashreef le jaate.

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Ek martaba Imam e Aazam raaste se guzar rahe the. Aap ke saathi ek makaan ki deewaar ke paas khade rahe.

Aap waha khade hone ke bajaay saamne door khade rahe. Aap ke shaagirdo ne arz kiya ‘Huzoor! Tez dhoop hai.

Aap yaha saaye me aa jaaiye. Dhoop me kyun khade hain?’ Aap ne farmaaya ‘Ye makaan jis shakhs ka hai us ne mujh se qarz liya hai. 

Agar main is ke makaan ke

saaye me khada raha to mujhe dar hai ke kahi ye us raqam ka sood na kehlaaye aur mujhe is ke badle azaab me mubtila hona pade.’

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Ek baar aap ko pata chala ke kisi ka bhed (sheep) chori ho gaya hai. Is ke baad khaane me us chori kiye

gaye jaanwar ka gosht na aa jaaye is dar se aap ne 7 saal tak gosht nahi khaaya kyun ki aap ko maaloom tha ki bhed ki umr 7 saal hoti hai.

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Ek baar kisi ne aap se puchha ‘Hazrat Alqama radiy-Allāhu ta’ala anhu afzal hain ya Hazrat Aswad radiy-Allāhu ta’ala anhu?’

Aap ne farmaaya ‘Khuda ki qasam, Hum to is laa'iq bhi nahi ki in sahaaba ka zikr bhi karen, phir un me mawaazana (farq) kaise kar sakte hain?’

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Ek shakhs Ameer ul Momineen Hazrat Usmaan Ghani radiy-Allāhu Ta'aala-Anhu se bughz rakhta tha aur hatta ki Hazrat Usmaan ko (ma’az Allāh) Yahudi kehta tha.

Imaam e aazam ko is baat ka pata chala to Aap ne use bulaaya aur us se farmaaya ‘Maine tumahri ladki ke liye ek munaasib rishta talaash kiya hai. 

Ladke me har qism ki khubi maujood hai, Sirf itni si baat hai ki wo Yahudi hai.’

Us shakhs ne jawaab diya ki ‘Bade afsos ki baat hai ki Aap itne bade Imaam hokar ek Musalman ladki ka nikaah ek yahudi ke saath jaa'iz samajhte hain.

Main to hargiz is nikaah ko jaa'iz nahi samajhta.’

Aap ne farmaaya ‘Sub'haan Allāh! Magar tumahre jaa'iz na samajhne se kya hota hai,

Jab ki Huzoor sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ne apni 2 saahab-zaadiyo ka nikaah ek yahudi se kar diya tha.’

Wo shakhs foran samajh gaya ki Hazrat Imaam e aazam kis baat ki hidaayat farma rahe hain.

Chunanche foran us ne Hazrat Usmaan Ghani radiy-Allāhu ta’ala anhu ki zaat e paak ke muta’alliq khayaal e baatil se tauba ki aur Imaam e aAazam ke faiz se maalamaal ho gaya.

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Ek baar aap ke shaagird ne aap se kaha ki ‘Log kehte hain ki Imaam saahab raat bhar jaagkar ibaadat karte hain.’
Aap ne farmaya ‘Aaj se main aisa hi kiya karunga aur puri raat jaaga karunga.
Kyun ki ALLĀH ta’ala farmata hain ke Jo bande us cheez ki ta’arif ko pasand karte hain jo us me nahi hai wo hargeez azaab se na bach sakenge.’

Is ke baad aap ne 40 saal tak Isha’ ke wuzu se Fajr ki namaaz padhi

Qur’an shareef ki koi surah baaqi nahi thi jo aap ne apni nafl namaaz me na padhi ho.

Aap ne jis jagah wafaat paai waha aap ne 7000 martaba Qur’an shareef  mukammal kiya tha.

Har saal Maah e Ramazaan me aap roz ek baar din me aur ek baar raat me Qur’an shareef  mukammal kiya karte
aur is tarah Taraweeh me
Imaamat ke dauraan 1 Qur’an milaakar Maah e Ramazaan me kul 61 baar Qur’an shareef  hote the.

Imaam e Aazam Abu Hanifa ne 55 baar Hajje baitullāh ki sa’adat haasil ki

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Ek martaba jab Huzoor sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ke Roza e anwar par ziyarat ke liye haazir hue aur aap ne Salaam Arz kiyab ‘Assalaamu alaikum Ya Sayyed-ul-Mursaleen.’

To Rozaa e anwar se jawaab mila  ‘Wa alaikum assalaam Ya Imaam-ul-Muslimeen.’

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Ek martaba aap Ka’abatullāh ke andar tashreef farma the aur keh rahe the ke ‘Aye mere Rab! Mujhe muaf farma, 

Main sahi tareeqe se teri ibaadat ka haq ada nahi kar paaya.’

Aap baar baar ye alfaaz dohra rahe the. Aakhir me raat ke khatm hone se pehle ghaib se aawaaz aai ke ‘Aye mere bande,

Hum ne tumhe bakhsh diya aur tumhare liye khushkhabari hai ke tumhari pairwi karne waale ko bhi hum jannat ata farmaenge.’

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 Imam e Azam Ke Aqwaal : 

Aap farmaate hain 

(1) Agar koi dunya me martaba ya shohrat ya maal o daulat haasil karne ke liye ilme deen sikhta hai to wo ilm kabhi us ke dil me nahi reh sakta.’

(2) Bagair amal ke Ilm bagair rooh ke jism jaisa hai. Jo amal nahi karta wo na to mukhlis hota hai aur na qaabile pairwi hota hai.

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Aap Aa'imma e Araba me se hain.
Aap ka mazhab e fiqh (School of law or Islamic jurisprudence)  ‘Hanafi’ naam se mash'hoor hai aur dunya me 50% se zyada musalman us ki taqleed karte hain.

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Aap ne bahot saari kitaaben likhi hai

Jin me ye mash'hoor hain :

(1) Kitaab-ul-Aasaar (70,000 ahadees) (Imaam Muhammad al-Shaybani)
(2) Kitaab-ul-Aasaar (Imaam Abu Yousuf)
(3) Musnad Imaam ul Aazam
(4) Fiqh al-Akbar
(5) Kitaab ul Rad alal Qaadiriyah
(6) Aalim wal-muta’allim

Imam e Azaam ke mash'hoor shaagird 

Imaam Muhammad al-Shaibani, Imaam Qaazi Abu Yousuf,
Imaam Zufar Ibn Huzail,
Abdullāh ibn Mubarak,
Abdur Razzaaq,
Abu Naeem Faza,
Abu Aasim,
Muhammad ibn Hasan,
Ismat Mugheera ibn Miqsam,
Younus ibn Is’haaq,
Abu Bakr ibn Ayyaash,
Ali ibn Aasim,
Jaafar ibn Awn,
Ubaidullāh ibn Musā.

Hazrat Fuzail bin Ayyaaz, Hazrat Ibrāheem bin Ad'ham, aur Hazrat Bishr Haafi rahmatullāhi alaihi ne bhi aap se faiz haasil kiya.

Aulaad e Imam e Aazam Abu Hanifa

Aapke 2 Sahabzade hain

(1) Hammaad (2) Abdus Salaam.

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Aakhri Umayya Khalifa Marwaan ibn Muhammad ke zamaane me Iraq ke Governor Yazeed ibne Amr ne aap ko Qaazi ke ohade ke liye kaha. 

Aap apna waqt deen ki khidmat

me guzaarna chaahte the aur dunya ke muamalat me phansna nahi chaahte the. Is liye aap ne inkaar kiya to usne aap ko bahut aziyat di. 

Aur waha se Makka chale gaye.

Phir 150 Hijri (767 A.D.) me, Abbasi Khalif Abu Jafar Mansoor ne aap ko Qaazi ke ohade ke liye kaha. Inkaar karne par us ne aap ko qaid me daal diya aur bahot aziyat di aur aakhir me zeher dekar aap ko shaheed kar diya.

Jab aap ne mehsoos kiya ki zeher diya gaya hai to foran aap ne wuzu kiya aur Namaaz e Shukr ada karne lage. Haalat e namaaz me hi aap ka wisaal hua.

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Imaam e Azam Ka wisaal 2 Sha’abaan 150 Hijri (767 A.D.) ko 70 saal ki umr me hua.

Aap ke janaaza me 50000 se zyada log saamil hue aur 6 baar namaaz e janaaza padhai gai.

Aap ka mazaar Baghdad (Iraq) me hai.

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ALLĀH ta’ala us ke Habeeb sallallahu alaihi wa sallam ke sadqe me
Sab ko mukammal ishq e Rasool ata farmae aur Sab ke Eimaan ki hifaazat farmae aur Sab ko nek amal karne ki taufiq ata farmae.
Aur Sab ko dunya wa aakhirat me kaamyaabi ata farmae aur Sab ki nek jaa'iz muraado ko puri farmae.
Aameen.

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